Combined base-cup and primer-pocket for cartridges.



' T. H, RYLANDS.

COMBINED BASE CUP AND PRIMER POCKET FOR CARTRIDGES.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 23, L913.

1,082,975. Patented Dec. 30, 1913.

, wmvzsszs) INVENTOR Aufi ant/1a., BY

' ATTORNEY COLUMBIA PLANOURAPH CO.,WASHINGTDN. n. c.

. 'Nrra'o STATES AT THOMAS H. RYLANDs, or enrnenronr, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR, TO THE UNIoN METALLIC CARTRIDGE COMPANY, or BRIDGEPORT, CGNNEGTICUT, A CORPORA- TION OF CONNECTICUT.

COMBINED BASE-CUP AND PRIMER-POCKET FOR CARTRIDGES.

- in Combined Base-Gu'ps and Primer-Pockets for Cartridges, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to cartridges generally and has for its object to simplify and cheapen and at the same time to greatly improve them by dispensing with the use of a pocket and base wad and by forming the primer pocket in the base cup, thereby forming an eflicient gas check, strengthening the base of the shell and reducing the initial pressure and causing the bullet or shot to start more slowly owing to the reduced pressure at the instant of the explosion, or, if preferred, by forming the base cup, primer pocket and anvil all from a single piece of metal.

With these and other objects in view I have devised the novel combined base cup and primer pocket (with or without an anvil) which I will now describe, referring to the accompanying drawing forming a p art of this specification and using reference characters to indicate the several parts.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a cartridge shell, illustrating a form of the invention in which the base cup, primer anvil are formed integral. Fig. 2 a section on the line 2-2 in Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrows, and Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of a cartridge shell illustrating a form of the invention in which the primer pocket only is formed integral with the base cup.

'10 denotes acartridge. shell, the base of which is provided with the usual hole 11 through which a firing pin passes to explode the primer, indicated by 12. In the form illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 13 denotes the anvil and 14: the base cup which are blanked out and formed to shape from a single piece of metal. In the assembled position, the edge of the base cup lies in engagement with the wall of the shell and is retained in place in any suitable manner, as by an indentation 15 in the shell, for example an inwardly ex-' tending circular rib rolled in the shell. It should be understood, however, that the indentation need not necessarily be a rib. The base cup is of greater diameter at its edge Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 30,1913.

Application filed June 23, 1913. Serial No. 775,372.

than at the bottom and inclines forward obliquely from the bottom to the edge. From the wall of the shell the wall of the base cup extends backward obliquely and engages the base of the shell, leaving a circular space indicated by 16 between the wall of the cup and the base and wall of the shell. From its own base, i. 6. its point of engagement with the base of the shell, the metal of the base cup is bent inward to form a circular pocket which receives the primer as clearly shown in Fig. 1. At the bottom of the primer pocket are holes 17 through which the flame of an exploded primer passes to ignite the powder charge of the shell. The anvil is formed by bending the metal at the center of the primer pocket backward again forming a circular hump or boss, the apex of which lies in engagement with the fulminate of the primer, as is clearly shown in Fig. 1. The base of the shell surrounding the hole is shown as countersunk on the inner side to partly receive the outer face of the prlmer.

The parts are assembled by placing the primer'in the pocket, then placing the combined anvil and base cup with the primer in place therein, in the base of the shell and then forming the indentation in the wall of the shell and in engagement with the edge of the base cup to'retain the latter in place.

The form illustrated in Fig. 3 diflers only in that no anvil is formed in the primer pocket, which is suitably shaped to receive a primer including an anvil, indicated by 18, as an essential portion of its structure.

It is of course well understood that the first action of the powder charge of a cartridge is backward, the effect of which is to force the inclined wall of the base cup backward into the base of the shell, forming an efiective gas check and also strengthening the base of the shell. The yielding of the base cup also cushions the force of the explosion and reduces the initial pressure of the powder charge upon the bullet or shot contained in the cartridge and causes the bullet or shot to start more slowly owing to the reduced initial pressure.

Having thus described my invention I claim the anvil being obliquely from the wall of the base of the shell and then forward to form the primer pocket.

2. The combination with a cartridge shell, of a combined base cup and anvil, the wall of the base cup extending backward obliquely from the wall'of the shell to the base of the shell and then forward to form the primer pocket, and the anvil being formed, integral with the base cup, at the bottom of the primer pocket.

3. The combination with a cartridge shell, of a combined base cup and anvil, the wall of the base cup extending obliquely from the wall of the shell to the base of the shell, then forward again to form a primer pocket formed, integral with the base cup, at the base of the primer pocket and the shell being provided with an indentation to retain the base cup in place.

4. The combination with a cartridge shell, of a combined base cup and anvil, the wall of the base cup extending obliquely from the wall of the shell to the base of the shell, then forward again to form a primer pocket, and the shell being provided with an indentation to retain the base cup in place.

5. A combined base cup and anvil comprising a cup of greater diameter at its edge than at the bottom and a primer pocket formed in the bottom of the cup.

shell to the I 6. A combined base cup and anvil comprising a cup of greater diameter at its edge than at the bottom, a primer pocket formed in the bottom of the cup and an anvil formed in the bottom'of the primer pocket. a a

7. A combined base cup and anvil comprising a cup having a Wall inclined outward from the bottom to the edge, a primer pocketrformed by bending the bottom of the cup inward and an anvil formed by bending the bottom of the primer pocket inward.

8. The combination with a cartridge shell, of a combined base cup and anvil, the wall of the cup inclining outward from the base of the shell to the edge of the shell, leaving a circular space between the shell and the cup, the bottom of the cup being bent inward to form a primer pocket and the bot tom of the primer pocket being bent backward to form an anvil, and the shell being provided with means to retain the base cup in place.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

THOMAS H. RYLANDS.

Witnesses:

CHARLES F. LINDSAY, NELLIE M. LILLIs.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Washington, D. C.

Commissioner of Patents. 

